The Civil Scholar

What Is Geology? Geology is that branch of science which deals with the earth as a whole regarding its history, composition, structure and day-to-day changes on surface as well as beneath the surface. Its is derived from the Greek word: geo means earth and logos means science. Earlier it was termed as Theology: theos means god and logos means science. Systematic and scientific progress of geology started in 1776 (Independence of America). In study of geology it requires to rely upon other basic branches. For  example : Physics, Astronomy, Chemistry, Biology (Zoology and Botany). Classification of Geology The science of geology is vast subject but from engineering point of view the classification is 1. General Geology 2. Petrology 3. Engineering Geology 4. Indian Geology 1. General Geology:  General geology is classified into three sub topics 1.a. The Restless Earth 1.b. Palanteology (study of fossils) 1.c. Mineralogy (study of minerals) 2. Petrology:  It is d...

Planning is grouping and management of components of building in a systematic manner so as to form a functional homogeneous body. Factors affecting planning of a building : -  Topography -  Climate conditions -  Neighborhood -  Utility of space -  Selection of sites -  Shape and size of plot -  Orientation of building -  Building bye-laws -  Function of building (public, residential, commercial, industrial etc). 1. Aspect 2. Prospect 3. Privacy 4. Roominess 5. Grouping 6. Circulation 7. Flexibility 8. Sanitation 9. Elegance 10. Economy 11. Furniture requirement 12. Practical Consideration 1. ASPECT It is the proper placement of different rooms of building in accordance with our activities at different hours of the day. A room receiving light and air from particular direction is said to have aspect of that direction. All the rooms should be well ventilated and well lighted. Aspects depends upon the direction of the sunlight and ...